For many women, pregnancy brings a degree of nausea and vomiting—often referred to as morning sickness. While unpleasant, it’s usually manageable and fades after the first trimester. However, for a small percentage of expectant mothers, these symptoms become far more severe. This condition, known as hyperemesis gravidarum (HG), can have a significant impact on daily life and well-being.
What is Hyperemesis Gravidarum?
Hyperemesis gravidarum is an extreme form of pregnancy sickness that goes beyond the usual nausea and occasional vomiting. Women with HG may experience:
- Persistent, severe nausea and vomiting
- Difficulty keeping food and fluids down
- Weight loss and dehydration
- Extreme fatigue and dizziness
In some cases, hospital treatment is required to manage dehydration and nutritional deficiencies.
Is it Dangerous?
HG can be serious if left untreated, but with proper medical care, most women and their babies go on to have healthy pregnancies. The main risks are dehydration and malnutrition, which can be managed with fluids, dietary adjustments, and sometimes medication. If symptoms are severe, doctors may recommend intravenous fluids or nutritional support.
What Causes HG?
The exact cause isn’t fully understood, but it’s believed to be linked to pregnancy hormones, particularly human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). Some women may also have a genetic predisposition, as HG tends to run in families.
How is HG Managed?
Every case is different, but common management strategies include:
- Hydration – Sipping fluids regularly or receiving IV fluids if necessary
- Small, frequent meals – Eating bland, easy-to-digest foods
- Medication – Anti-sickness medications may be prescribed in severe cases
- Rest – Fatigue can make symptoms worse, so taking it easy is important
Seeking Help
If you’re struggling with excessive nausea and vomiting, don’t hesitate to reach out to your midwife or GP. HG is a recognised medical condition, and support is available.
While hyperemesis gravidarum can be challenging, it’s important to remember that it is temporary and treatable. With the right care, most women find relief as pregnancy progresses.
